Literary Culture in Early New England, 1620-1730

Pain and Surgery in England, circa 1620–circa 1740

The scholarship on the discussion and role of pain in early modern English surgery is limited. Scholars have given little consideration to how surgeons described and comprehended pain in their patients' bodies in early modern England, including how these understandings connected to notions of the humours, nerves and sex difference. This article focuses on the attention that surgeons paid to pai...

Augustan England. Professions, state, and society, 1680–1730

language; this is followed by a little on texts available, followed in turn by a long discussion of the taxonomy of such texts and a defence of the study of "academic" or "learned" vernacular texts. There is much to be learned here, although the author has not attempted a coherent study. Bert S. Hall devotes himself to considering problems of understanding and interpreting mostly published text...

Literary Culture: "New Soviet Man" in the Mirror of Literature

Early holocene openlands in southern New England.

The pre-historical vegetation structure in temperate forest regions is much debated among European and North American ecologists and conservationists. Frans Vera's recent hypothesis that large mammals created mosaics of forest and openland vegetation in both regions throughout the Holocene has been particularly controversial and has provoked new approaches to conservation management. Thirty yea...

Challenges Facing Healthwatch, a New Consumer Champion in England

This article engages with debates about the conceptualisation and practical challenges of patient and public involvement (PPI) in health and social care services. Policy in this area in England has shifted numerous times but increasingly a consumerist discourse seems to override more democratic ideas concerning the relationship between citizens and public services. Recent policy change in Engla...